資安工程生命週期總覽

V-Model 視角

                     ┌─────────────────────┐
                     │  Concept Phase (9)  │
                     │  • Item Definition  │
                     │  • CS Goals         │
                     │  • CS Concept       │
                     └──────────┬──────────┘
                                │
        ┌───────────────────────┴───────────────────────┐
        ↓                                               ↑
┌───────────────┐                              ┌────────────────┐
│ Product Dev   │                              │ CS Validation  │
│ (Clause 10)   │                              │ (Clause 11)    │
│ • Design      │                              │ • Vehicle-level│
│ • Architecture│ ────── Verification ────→    │   Pen Test     │
│ • Integration │                              │ • Goal achieved│
└───────┬───────┘                              └────────┬───────┘
        ↓                                               ↑
   (Software/Hardware Unit Implementation & Test)
                                │
                                ↓
                     ┌─────────────────────┐
                     │ Production (12)     │
                     │ • Provisioning      │
                     │ • Build security    │
                     └──────────┬──────────┘
                                ↓
                     ┌─────────────────────┐
                     │ Ops & Maint (13)    │
                     │ • Incident Response │
                     │ • Updates (OTA)     │
                     └──────────┬──────────┘
                                ↓
                     ┌─────────────────────┐
                     │ EoS (14)            │
                     │ • Notify users      │
                     │ • Stop patches      │
                     └──────────┬──────────┘
                                ↓
                     ┌─────────────────────┐
                     │ Decommissioning (14)│
                     │ • Wipe data/keys    │
                     └─────────────────────┘

橫貫所有階段:

  • Clause 5:CSMS (Organizational)
  • Clause 6:Cybersecurity Plan, Tailoring, Case, Assessment
  • Clause 7:Distributed Activities (CIA)
  • Clause 8:Continual Monitoring & Vulnerability Mgmt
  • Clause 15:TARA(在每個關鍵階段執行/更新)

各階段重點與 Work Products

Phase 0:組織就緒(Clause 5 — CSMS)

活動 WP
建立 CS Policy Organizational CS Policy
角色與責任 RASIC 矩陣
能力管理 Competence Management Plan
文化建立 CS Culture Documentation
工具評估 Tool Approval Records
內部稽核 CS Audit Reports

02-Organizational-Management/01-CSMS-Overview


Phase 1:專案啟動(Clause 6)

活動 WP
制定 CS Plan Cybersecurity Plan
Tailoring 決策 Tailoring Justification
角色指派 Project RASIC
OTS/Reuse 決策 Reuse Analysis Report

03-Project-Dependent/01-Cybersecurity-Plan


Phase 2:分散式安排(Clause 7)

若有供應商參與:

活動 WP
供應商能力評估 Supplier Capability Assessment
RFQ 含 CS 條款 RFQ Document
簽訂 CIA Cybersecurity Interface Agreement

04-Distributed-CS-Activities/02-Cybersecurity-Interface-Agreement


Phase 3:概念階段(Clause 9)

Item Definition
    ↓
TARA (Clause 15) ← 第一次完整 TARA
    ↓
Cybersecurity Goals
    ↓
Cybersecurity Claims (out-of-scope 風險)
    ↓
Cybersecurity Concept (functional)
WP 說明
Item Definition item 範圍與介面
TARA Report 完整威脅分析
Cybersecurity Goals 高層級資安目標
Cybersecurity Claims 假設/轉移風險陳述
Cybersecurity Concept 概念解決方案

06-Concept-Phase/01-Item-Definition


Phase 4:產品開發(Clause 10)

Cybersecurity Requirements
    ↓
Architecture Design
    ↓
Detailed Design (HW + SW)
    ↓
Implementation
    ↓
Integration & Verification
WP 階段
CS Requirements Specification 設計
Architecture Documentation 設計
Verification Report 驗證
Weakness/Vulnerability Analysis 持續

07-Product-Development/01-Design-Requirements


Phase 5:資安驗證(Clause 11)

車輛層級驗證資安目標達成。

WP 重點
Cybersecurity Validation Report 含滲透測試結果

08-Cybersecurity-Validation/01-Validation-Objectives


Phase 6:生產(Clause 12)

活動 WP
Provisioning(金鑰、憑證植入) Production CS Controls
製程資安(防偽冒、防竄改) Production Audit Record

09-Production/01-Production-Controls


Phase 7:營運與維護(Clause 13)

活動 WP
事件回應 Incident Response Plan
更新管理(含 OTA) Update Management Process
持續監控 Monitoring Reports

10-Operations-Maintenance/01-Incident-Response


Phase 8:終止支援與除役(Clause 14)

活動 WP
通知 EoS EoS Communication Records
除役程序 Decommissioning Procedure
資料清除驗證 Wipe Verification Report

11-EndOfSupport-Decommission/01-End-of-Support


持續性活動(Clause 8)— 橫貫整個生命週期

┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Monitoring (內外部情報蒐集)          │
│   ↓                                  │
│ Event Assessment (是否為資安事件?)   │
│   ↓                                  │
│ Vulnerability Analysis (影響範圍)    │
│   ↓                                  │
│ Vulnerability Management (處置)      │
└─────────────────────────────────────┘

05-Continual-Cybersecurity/01-Cybersecurity-Monitoring


TARA 介入點(Clause 15)

Important

TARA 不是一次性活動。應在以下時機執行或更新:

  1. Item Definition 完成後(首次完整 TARA)
  2. 架構/設計變更時(影響攻擊路徑)
  3. 新弱點/威脅出現時(Clause 8 觸發)
  4. 變體 (Variant) / 重用情境
  5. 後開發階段定期 review

階段間「Release Gate」

每個重大階段轉換需通過 Cybersecurity Gate:

Gate 通過條件
Concept → Development TARA 完成、CS Goals 凍結、CS Plan 批准
Development → Validation Verification 完成、無 High/Very High 未處置風險
Validation → Production CS Validation Report 通過、Case 簽核
Production → Operations Release for Post-Development 完成

03-Project-Dependent/07-Release-for-Post-Development


Practice